Privacy in Cyberspace Essay -- Internet Essays

Privacy in Cyberspace Computers and the Internet have changed many things in the world today. People surf the web on a daily bases for information and entertainment. The Internet is making things like paying your bills from home a possibility. This was something that you had to leave the house to do, even if it was just dropping a check in the mail. Now you can pay your bills and buy your groceries, with every thing being just a point and a click away. Other things that can be done on the Internet is E-mail and stock trading. The police and the FBI have even used the Internet to capture and convict criminals. All this new technology is coming at us so fast and from so many places. Such as television, magazines and news papers, pushing to buy sell or trade on the Internet. Yet how much do we know about what happens when you buy something or E-mail someone, who sees all this information. Could some Internet criminal get my credit card numbers, or bank account information. Many people in to days world do a great deal of their finical business on the Internet. Yet who is to say that people who the message is being sent are the only ones who will be reading it. You must remember that when you log on and send a message to someone that it could go through many systems before it gets to its final destination. While being sent through the system any one can read what was sent, and it is not illegal if it is readily accessible to the public. As you are looking at other peoples computers they can be looking at your computer. Many browsers keep track of where you have been on the Internet by using cookies. A cookie file is a small piece of information that a web server can store. However cookies are not without their problems. On... ...to your encrypted files then someone else could also. This issue should go one way or the other. It is either you take the risk of letting everyone have a chance to access what you wrote, or nobody has access to it. If nobody has access or control over what is going on then it could become a criminals play ground. Yet if we let people have access to our accounts, we have some degree of safety, at the cost of our privacy. I look at it this way if you don=t want people to see your underwear drying on a close line don=t put them on the line to start with. The same goes for your E-mail if you don=t want other people to read it then don=t send it. It is the same thing with keeping a secret once you tell one person they could tell some one else, that is why they say that three people can keep a secret if two are dead. Source Privacy in Cyberspace privacyright.org

Real Men Drink Coke

CASE ASSIGNMENT: COKE ZERO Chapter # 8) Do Real Men Drink Diet Coke? When a couple of marketing managers for Coca-Cola told attorney Elizabeth Finn Johnson that they wanted to sue their Coke Zero colleagues for â€Å"taste infringement,† she was baffled. She tried to talk them out of it, but they were determined. They argued that Coca-Cola Classic should be protected from the age discrimination it would suffer with the introduction of a newer, younger soft drink that tasted exactly the same as the original. Frustrated, Finn Johnson held up the Coke can and shouted, â€Å"It’s not a person! Title VII doesn’t cover these things! † What she didn’t know was that the marketing managers were actors. Hidden cameras had been planted around the meeting room to capture the reactions of several unsuspecting attorneys who had been asked to consider the case, including an immigration lawyer who was asked if he could get the Coke Zero marketing head deported back to Canada. The short videos were strategically placed on websites like YouTube. om to promote Coke Zero as the hip, new alternative to Diet Coke for men. The Coca-Cola Company knows it has to be creative if it’s going to sell more soda after sales dropped two years in a row in 2005 and 2006. Morgan Stanley analyst Bill Pecoriello explains, â€Å"Consumers are becoming ever more health-conscious, and the image of regular carbonated soft drinks is deteriorating rapidly. † In an attempt to appeal to con sumers concerned with nutrition, Coke introduced Diet Coke Plus in 2007, a sweeter version of Diet Coke fortified with vitamins and minerals. But what they really needed was a way to reach young male consumers, and Diet Coke Plus, marketed with tag lines like â€Å"Your Best Friend Just Got Friendlier! † wasn’t going to do it. A few new products appealed to certain male demographics, such as Coca-Cola Blak, a cola with coffee essence created for older, more sophisticated consumers who are willing to pay more, and Full Throttle Blue Demon, an energy drink with an agave azule flavor (think margaritas) designed to appeal to Hispanic men. However, research showed that there was still a big demographic hole to fill as young men between the ages of 18 and 34 were abandoning the Coca-Cola brand altogether. They didn’t want all the calories of regular Coke, but they weren’t willing to make the move to Diet Coke, either, which has traditionally been marketed to women who want to lose weight. Katie Bayne, chief marketing officer for Coca-Cola North America, says that the men who weren’t put off by the â€Å"feminine stigma† of Diet Coke often rejected it anyway because of its aspartame-sweetened aftertaste. What we were seeing before Zero launched was that more and more younger people were interested in no-calorie beverages but weren’t going to sacrifice taste,† Bayne said. â€Å"So when they got interested in no-calorie, they were like, ‘Forget it, I’m not going to Diet Coke. ’† Testing showed that the name â€Å"Coke Zero† would be an effective way to sell a low-calorie cola to men without using the word â€Å"diet. † And advances in artificial sweeteners made it possible for Coke to finally create a product that tasted more like the â€Å"Real Thing. So expectations were high when Coke Zero was introduced in 2005 with a big marketing push, including a commercial that remade the famous 1971 â€Å"Hilltop/I’d Like to Teach the World to Sing† ad—this time with rapper G-Love on a rooftop singing that he’d like to teach the world to â€Å"chill. † Unfortunately, the commercial didn’t catch on, and neither did the product it was selling. Despite disappointing sales in the U. S. , however, Coke Zero was an immediate hit in Australia, selling more than three times the number of cases expected during its first year on the market. In the U. S. , the packaging was white and silver, making it difficult for consumers to see the difference between Coke Zero and Diet Coke. In Australia, the bottles and cans were black, making the product stand out on the shelves and look more like the â€Å"bloke’s Coke† it was intended to be. The U. S. marketing team took notice and reintroduced Coke Zero with a black and silver label in 2007. Coca-Cola is now investing more money in Coke Zero than any other brand its size, hoping it will someday be a megabrand for the company alongside Coca-Cola Classic and Diet Coke. Chief Marketing Officer Bayne is enthusiastic about the impact it may have on the company. â€Å"We do see this as potentially a bit of a white knight. There’s huge opportunity to grow here. † SOURCES: Jerry Adler, â€Å"Attack of the Diet Cokes,† Newsweek, May 14, 2007; â€Å"Coke’s New ‘Coke Zero’ Faces Tough Going, UPI NewsTrack, June 13, 2005; Duane D. Stanford, â€Å"0: That’s Zero. As in No Calories,† The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, March 20, 2007; â€Å"Coca-Cola Co. ,† MMR, October 30, 2006; http://www. cocacolazero. com. Open-ended questions 1. Describe the specific type of consumer that the Coca-Cola Company is targeting with each of the following products: Diet Coke, Coke Zero, Diet Coke Plus, Coca-Cola Blak, and Full Throttle Blue Demon. What types of demographic segmentation is each product’s marketing most likely to include? 2. Some industry analysts think soft-drink companies should develop products that will bring new customers into the market rather than just creating variants on the old. They warn that products like Coke Zero will cannibalize lost market share from other soft drink categories instead of increasing the number of consumers overall. Which Coca-Cola products are most likely to lose customers to Coke Zero? 3. Why do you think that the hidden-camera videos used to promote Coke Zero were an effective way to reach its target market? Do you think a similar strategy with a viral marketing campaign on the Internet would appeal to the target market for Diet Coke Plus? 4. Do you think Diet Coke could have been repositioned to change consumers’ perceptions of it enough to be considered a drink equally appealing to men? Why or why not? CASE ASSIGNMENT: Terracycle (Chapter # 10) Turning Worm Poop into a Product Environmentally friendly products have never been as hot as they are now, and the number of brands touting their â€Å"green† credentials has never been higher, but TerraCycle Plant Food may be the ultimate organic product to ever hit the market. A college student named Tom Szaky founded TerraCycle in 2003 after buddies from Canada, â€Å"where they have more liberal rules about growing certain plants,† he says, taught him how to use worm droppings as cheap and eco-friendly fertilizer. Szaky based his business model on recycling, starting with the trash that TerraCycle turns into compost and feeds to millions of red worms. The worm castings are then liquefied and put into previously used plastic water and soda bottles. Even the company’s shipping cartons come from recycled materials. TerraCycle’s organic plant food hit the shelves in 2004 with labels boasting that it â€Å"Contains Liquefied Worm Poop! † It didn’t take long for the products to take off. By 2006, the company had been named â€Å"The Coolest Little Start-Up in America† by Inc. agazine and had passed the $1 million mark in sales, growing as much as 300% from the previous year. They snagged shelf space in retail giants such as Target, Walmart, and Home Depot. Founder and president Tom Szaky liked to refer to his company as â€Å"the anti-Miracle-Gro. † But the industry giant disagreed. It turns out that Scotts Miracle-Gro thought that, if anything, TerraCycle w as encroaching too closely on the industry giant’s territory. In March of 2007, Scotts sued Szaky’s fledgling company for trademark infringement and for making â€Å"false claims† that its organic products are superior to synthetic versions. Small companies can easily fold under the weight of such a lawsuit. Even if they win, the legal costs can cripple them. So TerraCycle took their case to the Internet with the blog www. suedbyscotts. com, hoping to stir public support and raise contributions for its legal fees. â€Å"I knew there was no way I could out-lawyer Scotts,† Tom Szaky says. â€Å"So as I thought about it, I wondered what core competency our company had that we could exploit. Guerrilla marketing seemed to be the obvious answer. He adds that they hope to get so much public support for their cause that Scotts will drop their suit. The blog offers a comparison chart titled â€Å"David vs. Goliath† that illustrates the differences between the two companies. A photo of TerraCycle’s modest headquarters behind a chain-link fence in New Jersey is contrasted with Scotts’s grand, pillared entryway in Ohio. It lists TerraCycle’s â€Å"CEO major perquisite† as â€Å"unlimited f ree worm poop,† whereas Scotts’s CEO enjoys â€Å"personal use of company-owned aircraft. The blog also counters Scotts’s claims that consumers might be confused by its â€Å"overly similar yellow and green packaging† by posting photographs of TerraCycle’s wacky and unusual bottles in their variety of shapes and sizes beside Miracle-Gro’s uniform and professional looking ones. Scotts is insisting that they change their labels, but TerraCycle’s general counsel, Richard Ober Jr. , says that changing packaging now would hurt their sales momentum. â€Å"There’s the loss of customer recognition. † Su Lok, a Scotts spokesperson, argues that the blog is just one of TerraCycle’s PR â€Å"tactics† nd insists that none of their arguments has merit. â€Å"We’ve spent a lot of time building up brands that consumers trust,† she says, â€Å"and we are going to protect those brands. † So far www. sued byscotts. com has gained massive media attention, leading major newspapers and magazines to cover the story and hundreds of bloggers to defend TerraCycle’s cause. Although online donations have totaled less than $1,000 to date, overall company sales surged 122% within weeks of the blog’s launch. And TerraCycle’s main Web site, which averages about 1,000 visitors a day, spiked to as high as 13,000. They expect to bring in revenue highs approaching $5 million by the end of 2007. Ira J. Levy, an intellectual property lawyer, warns that Scotts may have more to lose by pursuing TerraCycle than it’s worth. â€Å"By pursuing a trade dress case,† Levy says, â€Å"they can allow a small player to promote itself on the national stage. When word gets out that the mega-conglomerate is suing the little guy, you risk having bloggers launching boycotts, and the plaintiff ends up injuring his own business. † Which is precisely what Tom Szaky hopes will happen. The lawsuit isn’t something he would have wanted to fight, he says, but it’s a chance to generate buzz. â€Å"It’s like The Art of War,† he says. â€Å"You need to have a villain to be up against, and for us, that’s Scotts. † SOURCES: Jack Neff, â€Å"When the Worm Poop Hits the Fan, Market It,† Advertising Age, April 23, 2007; Adam Aston, â€Å"Now That’s Really a Turf War,† BusinessWeek, April 23, 2007; Gwendolyn Bounds, â€Å"A Growing Dispute: Fertilizer Start-Up Uses Web as Defense,† Wall Street Journal, May 22, 2007; Mike Hofman, â€Å"Legal Lemons, PR Lemonade,† Inc. June 2007; Rob Walker, â€Å"The Worm Turns,† New York Times Magazine, May 20, 2007; www. terracycle. net; www. suedbyscotts. com. Open-ended questions 1. What type of consumer product is TerraCycle’s plant food: convenience, shopping, specialty, or unsought? Why? 2. Go to www. terracycle. net and look at the types of produc ts the company sells. Describe their product mix. How wide is it? Which basic product lines does it sell? How long are they? 3. Do you think that product line extension or product line contraction would make more sense for TerraCycle at this stage of the company’s growth? Why? 4. How well do TerraCycle’s bottles perform the four packaging functions discussed in this chapter? Go to www. suedbyscotts. com to see what TerraCycle’s products look like compared to the Miracle-Gro line. Do you think TerraCycle’s package design distinguishes their products well enough from those of the industry giant, or are they similar enough to cause customer confusion? CASE ASSIGNMENT: Nordstrom’s (Chapter # 15) How to Succeed by Selling Just One Shoe Upscale retailer Nordstrom has been famous for superior customer service for over 100 years. Robert Spector, coauthor of The Nordstrom Way, says his favorite story is of a woman with one leg who jokingly bet a Nordstrom salesperson that he wouldn’t sell her just one shoe. He was more than happy to split up the pair, though, to her surprise, and Nordstrom gained a life-long customer in the process. â€Å"Who knows how many times she’s told that story? † Spector asks. â€Å"Do you think that that’s worth the price of a shoe? I do. † This kind of word-of-mouth publicity means that Nordstrom spends much less on traditional advertising than its competitors do. And the stories told by satisfied customers are much more persuasive than an ad in the Sunday paper. Patrick McCarthy, who was the first salesperson to generate $1 million, cites an example of a customer who was traveling and accidentally left his plane tickets in the store. An employee who found them paid for a cab to the airport with her own money so that the customer wouldn’t miss his plane. This, McCarthy says, is an example of â€Å"heroic service,† and at Nordstrom they expect nothing less. Industry observer Lior Arussy calls Nordstrom’s business strategy â€Å"greed through love. † They have perfected the art of focusing on the right customers and giving them undivided attention. A salesperson will often continue the relationship with a customer for years. They may exchange business cards, set future shopping dates, and call customers when new merchandise comes in. â€Å"It’s a heart experience,† says McCarthy, who kept handwritten notes on all 12,000 of his personal customers over the years. Most companies are head experiences—bean counters are running them. When the heart is running them, it becomes exciting. † Nordstrom is also known for its generous exchange policy. In a familiar story that has been forwarded around the Internet for years, a man claims he was allowed to return snow tires, even though the store never sold auto parts. It may be an urban myth, but it reinforces the company’s reputation for putting custom ers first. Even though the company loses some money on returns, they believe it’s worth it to keep customers coming back. Nordstrom has 157 stores in 27 states, but they plan to open 19 more by 2010, expanding into Boston, Ohio, and other untapped U. S. markets. Eric Nordstrom, the company’s president, visits each potential location himself before signing off on it. He says his gut instinct about a location is almost as important as the demographics and statistics they analyze. â€Å"Plenty of places look good on paper and we say no. † Even though Nordstrom values the traditions that come with its long history, Nordstrom direct president Jamie Nordstrom says that they’re not afraid to evolve with the times. We see the way people shop changing very dramatically,† he says. The company analyzed barriers between its sales channels and realized that it was limiting sales opportunities. Customers who purchased Nordstrom merchandise online couldn’t return it in the retail stores, for example, and customers who shopped in the stores couldn’t always find the same products online. The company now aims for a â€Å"seamless† shopping experience across all sales channels, whether mail order, online, or in-store. The company has also benefited from a new computerized inventory system that gives buyers and salespeople the necessary data to make smarter decisions about what is needed in the stores—and what isn’t. Choosing the right handbags to stock, for example, in the right styles, quantities, and colors, enabled them to sell more items at full price, which in turn improved the bottom line. Eric Nordstrom says that they want a customer’s experience to be â€Å"aspirational and upscale, so people feel they are treating themselves. Therefore, he says, the company refuses to hop on the price-promoting bandwagon. â€Å"We don’t rely on promotions, be it one-day sales, coupons, or ‘friends of friends’ sales. We think our regular pricing has to have integrity. † In 2006 when many retailers were struggling, Nordstrom thrived, posting $8. 6 billion in sales, a 10. 8 percent increase from the year before. â€Å"We have momentum,† Eric Nordstrom s ays, â€Å"but it’s not easy sustaining it. Retailing is not for everybody. It’s a competitive, high-energy business. Every day, you’ve got to open your doors and sell something. Even if it’s just one shoe. SOURCES: Monica Soto Ouchi, â€Å"Sharper Focus Helps Nordstrom,† Seattle Times, February 27, 2007; â€Å"Sticking with the Family Formula,† WWD, May 22, 2006; Dave DeWitte, â€Å"Nordstrom Leader Says Retail Business Is Changing,† Gazette, October 12, 2006; Monica Soto Ouchi, â€Å"Nordstrom Sees a Fashion-Forward Future,† Seattle Times, May 23, 2007; Alexandra DeFelice, â€Å"A Century of Customer Love,† CRM Magazine, June 1, 2005. Open-ended questions 1. What type of retailer is Nordstrom? Describe the characteristics it shares with other retailers of this type. . How would you describe Nordstrom’s level of service on the continuum from full service to self-service? Why? Give an example of a store that woul d be on the opposite end of the continuum and explain their differences. 3. Which of the six components of Nordstrom’s retailing mix do you think have been the most important to the company’s success? Why? 4. What are the primary challenges Nordstrom faces in the current retail climate? How has the competition changed in recent years, along with consumer expectations? CASE ASSIGNMENT: HBO (Chapter # 16) HBO’s Blood Virus When prominent occult film bloggers and fans began receiving strange letters written in dead languages and mailed in wax-sealed black envelopes, a shockwave of curiosity and excitement rippled through the horror-film fandom. A legion of bloggers and message-board posters set to work translating the letters from languages like Babylonian and Ugaritic into English, discovering that the missives led them to a mysterious and macabre Web site featuring an image of a seductive lady vampire. The site advertised a beverage called TruBlood—a synthetic blood developed by the Japanese, which vampires could drink as an alternative to feeding on humans. As visitors explored the site, they discovered short webisodes for the then-upcoming HBO television series that incorporates the TruBlood beverage into its storyline. The letters and Web site were developed as part of a viral marketing campaign by HBO and Campfire Media, an independent agency founded by two of the creators of the successful 1999 film The Blair Witch Project. Viral marketing is the propagation of brand or product awareness through pre-existing social networks, using unconventional media, with the hope that the campaign spreads as a cultural phenomenon. In addition to the letters, Campfire established a fictional blog and MySpace pages written by characters from the show, launched a human–vampire dating service, advertised TruBlood on vending machines, and strategically leaked tidbits of information and multimedia about the show. Campfire employees closely monitored popular horror blogs and message boards in order to gauge and encourage public interest, as well as orchestrate the release of new materials. The campaign was an incredible, if somewhat subversive success—not only did Campfire generate momentous interest in the show, but a number of individuals actually tried to locate a TruBlood distributor. â€Å"We didn’t mean to dupe people,† said Zach Enterlin, HBO’s vice president of advertising and promotions. â€Å"We just wanted a campaign that breaks through and resonates a little bit. It’s a testament to how true to form the ads are. Some people aren’t paying close attention. † Viral marketing campaigns are ideal for shows like True Blood, whose fans fervently share and discuss ideas within Internet communities. In addition, as it’s based on the popular Sookie Stackhouse series of books by Charlaine Harris, True Blood came with an avid built-in fan base of those already familiar with the story. Viral marketing has been a successful part of many advertising campaigns, such as those of 2008 films Cloverfield and The Dark Knight. Cloverfield, a film in which gargantuan monsters rampage through New York City, is captured on handheld video cameras. It was introduced to viewers through an untitled, unexplained teaser trailer that played before 2007’s Transformers movie. As speculation mounted, Cloverfield marketers unveiled a number of enigmatic Web sites, as well as a tie-in campaign for the fictional Slusho! beverage and a Japanese drilling company, both of which play a part in Cloverfield’s mythology. In May of 2007, 42 Entertainment began a viral campaign for The Dark Knight, a sequel to 2005’s Batman Begins. The campaign focused on the film’s antagonists: a Web site titled â€Å"I believe in Harvey Dent† was created as an advertisement for district attorney candidate Harvey Dent (played by Aaron Eckhart), as was a site titled â€Å"I Believe in Harvey Dent Too,† a defiled version of the former which slowly revealed the first image of The Joker (played by Heath Ledger) as visitors sent e-mails through the site. The Joker’s catchphrase â€Å"Why so serious? † spread virally on the Internet, and was used as the URL of a Web site that sent visitors on a Joker-themed scavenger hunt. As True Blood’s premier drew near, HBO and Campfire turned to less obtuse, if still unorthodox, methods of advertisement. A prequel comic book about an elder vampire and the development of the show was handed out for free at 2008’s San Diego Comic-Con, the largest pop cultural convention in the world. The first episode of True Blood was distributed on DVD for free to thousands of moviegoers at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival, and was made available for rental from Blockbuster Video several days before it aired on television. True Blood premiered on HBO on September 7, 2008—six months after Campfire’s subtle marketing campaign began. According to Nielsen Co. , the first three-quarters of 2008 saw HBO’s viewership drop by nearly 23 percent compared to the previous year. However, thanks to interest in new shows such as True Blood, HBO saw a 2. 4 percent increase in fourth-quarter viewership compared to 2007. Without question, the success of True Blood is due in part to the novel marketing developed by Campfire Media. SOURCES: Sam Schechner, â€Å"Winfrey Firm to Produce HBO Shows,† Wall Street Journal, December 17, 2008; Guy Brighton, â€Å"Campfire’s True Blood Campaign,† New York Times, February 19, 2009; Lynette Rice, â€Å"Ad Campaign for HBO’s True Blood Confuses Thirsty Consumers,† Entertainment Weekly, July 22, 2008, www. ew. com (accessed February 23, 2009); www. bloodcopy. com; www. hbo. com/events/trueblood/; Douglas Quenqua, â€Å"The Vampires Are Coming, but Only After Months of Warnings,† New York Times, July 15, 2008; Jeff Beer, â€Å"Campfire Sinks Its Creative Teeth into True Blood,† ttp://creativity-online. com/? action=news:article&newsId=130134§ionName=behind_the_work (accessed February 19, 2009). Open -ended questions 1. What is the communication process for viral marketing? Is it different from conventional marketing? How so? . 2. What was the initial promotional mix of the True Blood campaign, and how might it suggest an o bservance of IMC? 2. Did Cloverfield use a push or pull promotional strategy? What about The Dark Knight? Explain. CASE ASSIGNMENT: Walmart (Chapter 20) How Low Can Drug Prices Go? When Walmart rolled out its new prescription-drug plan in 2006, lowering the prices on 331 commonly prescribed medications to a flat $4, Frank Ganci’s doctor told him to check it out. He has no health insurance and his prescriptions were costing him $110 a month at his local pharmacy, so switching to Walmart meant that he could get the same three medications for $12. Now he says he’s a loyal Walmart customer: â€Å"If they don’t make up the money on prescriptions, they’re going to make it up on my clothes and food purchases. Industry analysts speculate that Walmart is counting on customers like Ganci to spend the money they saved at the pharmacy on other products in the store. Walmart insists that it can earn a profit on the $4 prescriptions alone, however, since more expensive medications are not discounted. â€Å"It can only be in our program if it is profitable,† says Bill Simon, a Walmart CEO. It’s true that pharmacies can buy some types of generics from manufacturers for less than $4. For example, a month’s supply of fluoxetine, the generic version of Prozac, can be obtained for 75 cents. But store overhead and pharmacists’ salaries bring the true cost closer to $15. It would be difficult for smaller pharmacies to match the $4 price point, which has some of Walmart’s competitors complaining that it violates predatory pricing laws. â€Å"You can’t just sell something below your cost to drive out the small guy,† says Rick Sain, co-owner of a drugstore in Tennessee. â€Å"You have to at least set a fair price. That’s what all the states that have fair trade laws in place are looking into it—because you cannot dispense a prescription for $4. They are saying you can. † Walmart later increased the price of certain generic drugs from $4 to $9 in order to bring the company into compliance with all â€Å"low-cost laws,† according to a company statement. John Rector of the National Community Pharmacists Association says, â€Å"We don’t know for certain whether it can make a profit on the $4 drugs so they don’t violate these laws. But we strongly doubt it, and the fact is [raising some prices] gives us insight into what its business practices are. Stores like Target and Kmart quickly lowered their own prices to match Walmart’s, but Walgreens and CVS both announced that their prices would remain the same. Tony Civello, CEO of Kerr Drug, insists, â€Å"We will not treat your prescription like t-shirts and blue jeans. Walmart may choose to use some limited prescription drugs as a loss leader. But our patients’ healthcare is not a loss leader. We will not compromise that. † Bill Vaug han, a policy analyst for Consumers Union, argues that the price slashing is actually step in the right direction. It’s the beginning of better competition in a sector where it’s literally pennies per pill,† he said. When a generic drug is introduced, pharmacies can charge as much as they like for it. One study found that markups were often as high as 4,000 percent. Few people compare drug prices from one pharmacy to the next, so pharmacies are able to mark up prices substantially. Walmart’s prescription program seems to be raising consumer awareness as it demonstrates how low the prices of the drugs can go. The discounts are especially welcome among uninsured Americans and seniors living on fixed incomes. Legislators have listened to constituents who rely on the $4 plan and efforts are under way in states like Colorado and Minnesota to either repeal predatory-pricing laws or exempt prescription drugs from them. The prescriptions in Walmart’s $4 program now make up more than 35 percent of all prescriptions they fill, and the company boasts that the program has saved consumers more than $340 million in drug costs already. Walmart executive H. Lee Scott is enthusiastic about its future, saying, â€Å"The $4 prescription program is absolutely one of the coolest things that we have done in a long time. SOURCES: Martin Sipkoff , â€Å"Walmart, Other Discounters Facing Predatory-Pricing Concerns,† Drug Topics, April 2, 2007; Sue Stock, â€Å"Walmart Drug Plan in N. C. ,† News & Observer, October 20, 2006; Jessie Male, â€Å"Generic Concern: Will Walmart’s $4 Prescriptions Do Much to Change Consumers’ Pharmacy Habits? † Grocery Headquarters, November 1, 2006; Pallavi Gogoi, â€Å"Drug Wars at the Big-Box Stores,† BusinessWeek, May 24, 2007; Milt Freudenheim, â€Å"Side Effects at the Pharmacy,† New York Times, November 30, 2006. Chapter 20 Open-ended questions 1. Do you believe Walmart is engaging in predatory pricing with its $4 generic drug program? Why or why not? 2. Do you think that predatory pricing laws should be amended to exclude prescription drugs? Explain. 3. If you owned a pharmacy next door to a Walmart store, what strategies could you try in order to compete? Would you match their prices if possible, or would you find other ways to add value? What could a small pharmacy like yours offer customers that Walmart’s might not?

The Debate Of Banning The Death Penalty - 877 Words

Public Executions The United States has been going through the debate of banning the death penalty for decades; however, it continues to remain at a standstill as crime rates continue to stay the same throughout the country. The people for continuing the death penalty happens to see their group split in to two groups. One for the private executions and the other for public. Public executions can do many things like deter crimes from happening, giving the victims closure, and finding the right kind of execution method that is inexpensive and once used throughout history. The ability to deter crimes with the method of public execution is one we should not waste. It leaves everyone with the knowledge that there is nothing to keep them from being the next one on the chopping block so to speak, especially if they have committed such a crime to deserve the sentence. It takes removes this mindset that the public has come to grasp that everything does not have a consequence for the actions they take. The scare factor works brilliantly in this regard, holding the public to a line they know not to cross. With the line drawn, the number of convicts in the prison system would decrease. This will also free up taxpayers money for other things like education, medical, security, and paying off the national debt. Secondly, this would bring closer to the families, as well as, friends and acquaintances of the victim. This type of execution would give everyone the benefit of seeingShow MoreRelatedIn Recent Years, The Death Penalty Has Been A Controversial1750 Words   |  7 PagesIn recent years, the death penalty has been a controversial topic when it comes to sentencing criminals that have committed serious crimes. Some believe that the death penalty is absolutely necessary and serves proper justice to those who commit unthinkable acts of violence. Advocates also believe that the whole argument is a matter of faith not fact and the death penalty, â€Å"honors human dignity by treating the defendant as a free individual able to control their own destiny for good or for worseRead MorePro Life Or Pro Choice1291 Words   |  6 PagesPro Life or Pro Choice The restrictions and the debate that surrounds the issue of abortion has changed dramatically throughout the course of history and it continues to change until this very moment. All around the world and in every known society, women have used abortion to control their reproduction, regardless of it’s legality. Abortion used to be exercised freely in the United Sates, up Until all the states started to ban It and place a lot of restrictions on it. They stated that a womanRead MoreThe Execution of Death Penalty1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Penalty Introduction As of 2010, thirty-four States have some form of Death Penalty, while twelve States plus the District of Columbia have no Death Penalty. The number of Death Penalty executions from 1977 2010 by color-coded States follows: (Death Penalty Information Center, 2012). The basic dispute involving the Death Penalty is whether or not it should be abolished. This dispute has raged for decades in the United States and people on both sides of the debate appear toRead MoreZea Robinson. Ap Seminar. Mrs. Frye. Period 3. 6 January1415 Words   |  6 PagesZea Robinson AP Seminar Mrs. Frye Period 3 6 January 2017 (Ethics) Banning the Death Penalty The death penalty is a serious and permanent sentence. The prison system should not hand out this sentence freely; yet 1,442 people have been executed since 1976. (DPIC) This is unacceptable due to the fact that the procedure is not a guarantee against â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment† (Unah). Also some of those who were given the death sentence were wrongly accused (Simonovic). Should it then be legal toRead MoreThe Death Penalty And Capital Punishment2746 Words   |  11 PagesThe death penalty and capital punishment were brought to America from Britain when America was colonized. This paper will argue why the death penalty is an outdated punishment and that it needs to be banned in America. When analyzing certain key points as crime rates, costs to maintain death row inmates, wrongful convictions, and ethics it becomes evident that the death penalty should be ruled illegal in the United States. Firstly regarding the history of how capital punishment came to America fromRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty Is A Necessary Evil1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is a necessary evil that has a positive effect on society today. It is an effective deterrent of crime as well as a safeguard for society. It also helps to keep order in our cities. It is a just and effective punishment for those who have committed crimes heinous enough to deserve death. The death penalty is not a new idea in our world. Its origins date back over 3,700 years to the Babylonian civilization, where it was prescribed for a variety of crimes. (Capital PunishmentRead MoreEssay about Gun Control Law Misconceptions1257 Words   |  6 PagesGun control has raised various debates in the public policy for quite a long time. Gun control involves the banning of ownership of some or all types of firearms, waiting period and the so called ban on Saturday night specials. These gun control laws have not been useful in combating crimes as many studies conducted before and after the laws have shown no correlation. In most cases there are misconceptions like high death rates in children related to the gun associated accident and the effectivenessRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Illegal1560 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects include the death penalty, which began in 1608 at the time of the Jamestown executions. The death penalty, a topic discussed since it began, includes death by electric shock, gas chamber, hanging, firing squad, and, most commonly used, lethal injection. In 2014, it took an Arizona man two hours an d fifteen times the normal amount of medicine to die with lethal injection. Knowing that the outcome of the death penalty may cause immense pain, the use of the death penalty should be illegal inRead MoreCriminal Justice System of United States and Finland1071 Words   |  4 PagesSupreme Courts generally focuses on aligning precedents. The legal description of the death penalty is a verdict of execution for a crime involving murder and some additional capital crimes; serious crimes, specifically murder, which carries a punishment by death. Within the United States the issue of the death penalty is a debate that has as will continue to be debated for years to come. Finland eliminated the death penalty for average crimes in 1949 and for all crimes in 1972. The Constitution of FinlandRead MoreThe Progress Of Invention During The Past Fifty Years1117 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom committing sins. Diseases that they could not explain were seen as the Devil’s work. As a result, people became reliant on faith healing and acknowledged death from sickness as part of God’s plan. Fast forward the time to the present, we have discovered medical science figured out that with this innovation, somehow we can prevent deaths. Although it has been proven how efficient it is in saving people’s lives, there are still some religious groups who do not believe in it. An example of a medical

Comparison of the Story of an Hour and a Sorrowful Woman...

The Portrayal of the Plight of Women by the Author, In Their Particular Period of Time Kate Chopins â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Gail Godwin’s â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† are similar pieces of literary work. Both stories offer a revealing glimpse of extremely unhappy marriages due to being forced into stereotypical roles. Both stories portray women, who are trapped in their marriages and trapped in their socially expected matriarchal characters. They are identified by their role as a wife and mother. In A Sorrowful Woman the wife is depressed with her life, so much so, The sight of them made her so sad and sick she did not want to see them ever again(p.1). This wife and mother has come to detest her life, the sight of her family,†¦show more content†¦In The Story of an Hour Chopin portrays marriage and the role and feelings of women in the 19th century as subordinate contributors to the husbands. The third word of the story is â€Å"Mrs.†, identif ying the protagonist as a wife, defining her role and her life. She is also identified as weak and fragile. When her husband is killed in a train accident Mrs. Mallard cries, but for different reasons than would be expected. She is sad for her husband’s death, but, moreover, she is overcome with joy. For now she is free. No one recognizes her true emotions because women fall apart when their spouse dies; it’s required. Marriage is portrayed as a life sentence. She said it over and over again under her breath: ‘free, free, free! Her pulse beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body(1). Mrs. Mallard was relieved that her husband died for she thought her sentence was over. When she realized that he was still alive, and therefore she was still committed to the marriage, she died from the shock and horror of being trapped. In both stories, women were expected to keep house, cook, bear and rear children—but little more. Moreover, should a woman find work, employers generally discriminated against women by hiring them for menial jobs. Repression in both women may very well have been the reason for their ailments and certainly their deaths Though a weak heart and suicide might be a stretch, as to be caused byShow MoreRelated I think that although the First Love and When We Two Parted are1983 Words   |  8 Pageshowever, takes a different approach to the way that a love poem is usually written. The poet uses a quarrelsome style, in which he often uses verse to attack his enemies. This surfaces in ‘When We Two Parted’, as he emphasises the betrayal felt by a woman he loved. In this poem, the theme that runs throughout is loss of a love, rather than actually being in love. Lord Byron explores the link between love and loss, by directing the poem at an ex-lover. The title ‘First Love’ sums up the whole poemRead MoreA Blind Eye to Our Abused Children in In A Child Called It by Dave Pelzer3371 Words   |  14 Pagesdrop a glass onto the floor. In a frantic effort to clean up the broken glass, she immediately was struck in the back of the head, only to awaken in a cold damp basement several hours later. When discovered, she had two broken ribs and a fractured arm. Her eyes were black and blue, swollen shut apparently from crying for hours. Her body appeared to be extremely malnourished as if though she was using her own urine and defecation as means of nutrition. Once the coroner completed the autopsy, he concludedRead More The Use of Nature in Thomas Hardys Tess of the DUrbervilles5188 Words   |  21 Pagesslight exceptions the prospect is a broad rich mass of grass and trees, mantling minor hills and dales within the major. Such is the Vale of Blackmoor?. This idealised view is later reflected in the way that Angel Clare sees Tess, as the ideal woman, rich in earthy beauty and bestowed by nature with a very handsome womanly presence. Hardy portrays Tess as being beautiful; a beauty that, in fact, is close to nature itself. Later in the book he describes her as being ?akin to nature.? HisRead MoreThe Epithet in the Novel Jane Eyre18849 Words   |  76 Pagesobler expression about Montmorency that has been known to bring the tears into the eyes of pious old ladies and gentlemen. ( Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men in a Boat) Freddie was standing in front of the fire place with a well-thats-the-story-what-are-we-doing-to-do-about-it air that made him a focal point . ( Leslie Ford Siren in the Night) An interesting structural detail of phrase epithets is that they are generally followed by the words expression, air, attitude and othersRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesthey have a thousand more insidious embodiments, which the quality of even the most perfectly regulated performances cannot suppress—since one finds them arising from the audience as well as from the stage, in the man s pose of independence, in the woman s dress and make-up.19 By hermetically isolating fiction from reality, film instantly dismisses this set of resistances and levels all obstacles to spectator participation. Participation, however, must be engendered. A man may be freed from his bondsRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesl in words like á » ¥nà ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤ rather than h in words like ará » ¥ rather than -la in the perfect form rather than -rA in the neutral form market water house body With these differences, of course, go a host of lexical differences. It is hoped that comparison with other dialects will bring these to light. At the same time, it should be realized that not all the words included here are pure Onitsha. Thus ogà ¨ is a more typically Onitsha word than mÌ€ gbà ¨ for time; yet mÌ€ gbà ¨ is known - and 8 There

Essay on Compare and Contrast of Florida and Hawaii

Different Beaches During the summer and winter, many families like to go on vacations to tropical locations in order to take in the beautiful and amazing sights that they might not be able to experience at home. Two popular places to visit are Florida and Hawaii. While many believe that one beach community is as good as any other, there are many differences between Hawaii and Florida that make them suited for different people, depending on what kind of vacation they want to experience. In particular there are differences in the cultures, weather, and attractions of these two beach communities. Although both Florida and Hawaii are tropical locations, their cultures are far from similar. Florida has a very â€Å"typical† American feel to†¦show more content†¦Also, pineapple is a very popular addition to just about anything you could imagine, and the food is usually made to be â€Å"volcano† hot. As far as an escape goes, Hawaii is the perfect place to go to experience an amazing new culture. Even if you cannot tell the difference between the cultures of Hawaii and Florida, the weather easily sets the two apart. As far as tropical locations go, many people expect the weather to be warm and sunny, looking for a perfect day to go to the beach and relax next to the ocean. In Florida, though the heat and humidity is almost unbearable. It makes you want to immediately jump into the ocean to try a cool off under the hot sun. Unfortunately, with the sun beating down on the ocean and the humidity in the air trapping all of the heat, the ocean also heats up very quickly and it becomes more like a hot tub, which is not the most relaxing of choice in the middle of a warm, summer day. With all of the humidity in Florida, it is also very common for a sudden downpour to erupt and leave you soaking wet like you have been in the ocean all day. Despite these flaws in the perfect, tropical weather you expect, when you do get a nice day in Florida, it makes you wish the day would neve r end and that you would never have to leave. Hawaii’s weather makes the best days in Florida seem like a hot, humid day in Missouri in the middle of August.Show MoreRelatedGreek American Ethnicity Among Age Cohorts Under Changing Condition1389 Words   |  6 PagesThe world surely is a fascinatingly magnificent place. There are times in which we feel it is enormous with much that we still have to experience and others where we find ourselves so closely related to a mere stranger. In this essay, I will compare and contrast two very different communities and how their affluence and perseverance in this wonderful melting pot of cultures that we call America has come to be. I will be discussing Stavros Constantinou and Milton Harvey’s â€Å"The persistence of Greek AmericanRead MoreAsante And Samoan Dancing : Similarities And Differences1232 Words   |  5 PagesChloe Tripp Professor Rogers Dance 105 18 July 2017 Asante and Samoan Dancing Two dances that I chose to compare and contrast were Asante and Samoan. These two cultures are very interesting to learn about and both of their dances were very entertaining to watch. They had their similarities and differences, but ultimately had one goal when performing and that was to exude joy and entertain those who were watching while they performed with their cultures throughout their dance. While wearing theirRead MoreClass Readings Of Real World Situations2096 Words   |  9 Pagesto (1) yield, (2) equity, (3) administration and compliance, and (4) economic impact. The state of Florida, Texas, Ohio, and North Carolina office state sales tax holiday In August to give parents a break as a back to school incentive. Georgia, Tennessee, and Mississippi have a state sales tax holiday in July. The remaining states such as Arizona, California, Colorado, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, NevadaRead MoreThe Perils Of Keeping Monkey As Pets2389 Words   |  10 Pagescuteness. Humans find monkeys adorable and may purchase them without the correct knowledge. Along with the cuteness, monkeys are often felt bad for. Huffpost LA explains that, previous monkey owner Jay Weston bought his first monkey at an airport in Florida. He saw the tiny five day old monkey in a cage with a chain around it’s waist cutting into it’s body. Jay then felt bad and bought his first monkey Demi. These animals are also popular TV, Movie, and commericial stars. The infographic by i.lifescienceRead MoreBlack Athlete5745 Words   |  23 Pageslegislation for same-sex marriage, following the lead of earlier state movements in Vermont, Hawaii, California, and Massachusetts. Thus far 3 states (California, Connecticut, and Vermont) explicitly permit second parent or stepparent adoption by same-sex couples, and an additional 20 states and the District of Colombia have legislation allowing same-sex adoption in certain cases (NGLTF 2004c). In some states such as Florida, however, gay and lesbian couples are not allowed to adopt at all, although currentlyRead Morecan long haul low cost airlines be successful6632 Words   |  27 PagesUniversity, Beds MK43 0AL, UK Phone: +44 1234 754242; Fax: +44 1234 752207 p.s.morrell@cranfield.ac.uk Abstract A key question is whether the very successful, largely short-haul LCC business model can work over long-haul sectors? This paper compares the cost and other advantages of LCCs and evaluates how far they might be applied to long-haul sectors. It is estimated that cost advantages might be much lower than the 50-60% on shorthauls. Other factors such as the adoption by network airlinesRead MoreStrategy Management18281 Words   |  74 Pagesjumble prevents students from seeing the bigger strategic picture: They may see vii rot12737_fm_i-xlvi.indd vii 17/11/11 7:38 PM Confirming Pages viii PREFACE ââ€"   ââ€"   ââ€"   ââ€"   the trees, but they fail to see the forest. In contrast, this textbook will be an enjoyable read for students—clear, concise, and filled with examples from companies today’s students know—while at the same time providing the content and value-add that instructors expect. It’s one book with one voice!Read MoreCOMM292 Case Studies23202 Words   |  93 PagesBarack Hussein Obama Barack H. 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Future research may take the theoretical lenses of these individual and organizational-level theories, and may beRead MoreData Mining16277 Words   |  66 Pagesthe other hand, spectrograms (obtained through time-frequency analysis of time series) and clustering are good examples of descriptive modelling techniques. These are useful for data visualization and help summarize data in a convenient manner. In contrast to the (global) model structure, a pattern is a local structure that makes a specific statement about a few variables or data points. Spikes, for example, are patterns in a real-valued time series that may be of interest. Similarly, in symbolic sequences

Quality Control of Car Seat Free Essays

To All Valued Customers: Tchou Tchou is fully committed to serving the product needs of infants and children.   As such, we want to address a recent market development of our infant car seat model number: 0907-888-TTICS. As you may know, Tchou Tchou has issued a voluntary product recall of all infant car seat purchased in the last three months. We will write a custom essay sample on Quality Control of Car Seat or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the wake of this development, we are offering to replace your newly purchased infant car seat with one of our earlier model at no extra cost on your part. To ensure the safety of your children, we would like to request you to either return the infant car seat at the store where you purchase the product or email us at recall@tchoutchou.com and we would be glad to arrange for a pickup. We recognize the inconvenience this causes you.   However, this action reflects Tchou Tchou’s commitment to high quality standards and ensuring that our products fully meet your expectations. Please know we are working hard to provide you with the high-quality products and customer service you have come to expect from Tchou Tchou.   If you have any questions, please contact our toll free 24/7 customer service hotline at 1-800-82468. Sincerely, (Your Name) Manager, Sales and Marketing Analyst Date:   January 4, 2008 To :   Fred Lucas, Manager, Manufacturing Department From:   (Your Name), Manager, Sales and Marketing Analyst Subject:   Quality Control of Car Seat Model Number: 0907-888-TTICS English Language Training Due to the recent complaint that we have received from our client with regards to the tiny fragment of glass in the upholstery of the infant car seat, we have voluntarily recalled the products that were purchased within the past three months.   This step was undertaken to give us the opportunity to thoroughly check the quality of our recalled product. Although our overhead cost would be greatly affected we would like your department to replace the upholsteries of all the recalled infant car seats.   In addition to the quality control inspection that we have been doing prior to the release of all our products, our engineering department will also perform a thorough check on all the machineries and equipments that are being used in the production of all our products. We appreciate the suggestion made by some employees to improve the workplace in your department.   The management officers have considered their suggestion and have recently made an arrangement with a language instructor who could provide a program that would facilitate ease of communication and learning of a second language among employees in the department.   The in-house language instructor will visit your department tomorrow and will present the program to you and your staff. Please keep me posted on any development.   Thank you very much. Hi Ms. Kathy, I have recently written a letter addressed to all our customers who have purchased the infant car seat model number: 0907-888-TTICS.   I have informed them about the company’s decision to recall the product and our willingness to replace the infant car seat with one of our earlier model at no extra cost on their part.   This is in line with our commitment to provide them with the best quality products which our company has been noted for. I have also written the manufacturing department and asked them to replace all the upholsteries of the recalled infant car seat.   The engineering department will likewise conduct a thorough inspection on all the machineries and equipment in the production area to ensure that none of the fragment of glasses came from our production area.   Furthermore, the language instructor will be coordinating with Fred Lucas in line with the in-house language program that will be provided to the employees. Although the complaint of one customer is an isolated case, the company’s overhead expense will be greatly affected as a result of the product recall.   However, the reputation of Tchou Tchou and our customers’ satisfaction is our foremost concern.   This may be the first time that we have recalled a product in our six years of existence but given the time, the public will be fully aware that we have been at par with our product standard. Please be assured that I will use my skills and expertise in projecting the good image of the company and to make the public aware that this problem did not arise from our company. I will keep you posted on any development. Sincerely, (Your First Name)    How to cite Quality Control of Car Seat, Essay examples

Branding in B2B Markets International Marketing

Question: 1: Discuss using examples how Porters 5 Forces model can be utilized in determining the appeal of a particular non domestic market.?2: In developing an e-Commerce business plan, there is a need to decide between hosted solutions and non-hosted solutions and whether to utilize open source software solutions. Discuss using examples the considerations needed to make these decisions.? 3: Discuss the impact of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) on developing economies. What solutions have been utilized to enable the development of infrastructure within these developing economies and what impact is expected because of such deployments. Select a single country to utilize in your response.? Answer: Introduction: In order to gain the marketing advantages, an organisation is needed to be sophisticated and ethical in the approaches which help it in acquiring competitive advantages of the market place. In this era of extreme globalization, expansion of the organisation seems to have become one of the significant aspects of organizational development. This research study is going to analyze the necessary issues of marketing and will also try to determine how this process may seem to be effective in order to manage earn the organizational benefits. 1. Application of Porters Five Force Model in Non Domestic Market: Eggert Ulaga (2006) are of this view an organisation seems to be essentially competed by the others existing and new coming industries. Porters five force model (refer to appendix A) seems to be the most identical tool which helps in determining the competitive field in the current market place. In a non-domestic market place there several companies throng to achieve the market benefits. Therefore, identifying the actual customers and competitors of the market is essential. Threat of New Entry: Dant (2009) critically mentions as all of the companies in the international market place are trying to concretize its entity, market expansion seems to be identical. In order to gain profit, new companies emerge in investing into the market. For example, when Nokia in 2011 launched Lumia series in the international market embedded with Windows OS, to surpass its glory, Samsung seemed to have launched Galaxy Series embedded with Android OS. Entering of Android seemed to have boomeranged for Nokia. The threat is literally significant which help in revising the marketing strategy of the organisation. Bargaining Power of Customers: Price is always a necessary tool in the business. The targeted customers of the market place are needed to be proficient and sophisticated and should support their service or product. If the total number of buyers increases in the market place, it enables an organisation to capitalize the market place. For example, as the price of the products of Apple is not as low as the other products available in the market place which let the organisation to have a limited level of customers. Bargaining Power of the Suppliers: For organisation suppliers seem to play an essential role. In order to maintain the continuous flow of the market, the manufactured products are needed to be marketed by the organisation. Eggert and Ulaga (2006) mention switching of the cost of the market effect on the approach of the suppliers. Fewer the suppliers there are for a company, more it threats for the organisation. Competitive Rivalry: Ballantyne Aitken (2007) have critically assessed more the expansion of the organisations more competitive it may become. More the number of competitors increase in the market place for an organisation, the level of competition increases. Advertising, promotion, rigid business ethicality seems to be managed through competitive rivalry. When rivalry stands to be high, price of the product becomes more intricate factor in the marketing ethics. Competition between British Airways and Virgin Airways became so acute that they were needed to separate the passengers in 2009. Threat of Substitute Products: If the availability of the substitute products of the market is high and the customers seem to get fascinated by these products or service, it creates problem for an organisation to conquer the market place. Once a customer stands unsatisfied with the product or service, they swift to the other products and services seem to be a poignant approach for an organisation. For instance, BMW is highly competed by the other substitute cars and bikes in the international market place. 2. Hosted Solution and Non-hosted Solution: Application of hosted solution is literally an essential tool which advocates e-commerce business planning. Application of cloud computing tends to be the most essential tool which helps in engaging the business benefits. Hosted solution helps in managing reliability and security in the web server for an organisation. Monitoring over the approach of the other companies is significantly conducted by the by the web hosted approach (Kunnanatt, 2011). Although it demands of a significant cost in maintaining and managing the tools needed for this application. In the hosted application an organisation can directly create communication with the customers of the market place. At the same time, the bridge of communication channel is managed in the hosted solution approach. On the other hand, non hosted solutions are the intranet approach which a organisation seems to use for the internal use. In order to perform the necessary tasks sophistically and to manage the internal management system, intranet is the sophisticated approach. Application of hosted and non hosted solutions is practically essential approaches which help in managing the e-commerce business sophistically. Through internet system an organisation can identify what is more essential in this approach to manage the business ethics. For example, in order to let the customers intimated about the product, prices and features of the product, Ford Corporation uses websites which, according to Bolton and Lemon (2009), is the medium to directly contact with the customers of the market place. On the other hand, to handle the works of the organisation internally, the organisation uses intranet system which let the employees to be connected. In order to manage e-commerce strategy, application of sophisticated strategy seems to be literally significant which helps in enabling and identifying the organizational ethics. In order to take decisions, this approach seems to be the most significant. Contribution of both the trusted host solutions and non-host solut ions is literally intrinsic. 3. Impact of Information Communication Technology on the Developing Countries: Coviello Winklhofer (2008) assess it is the high speed internet system which helps in managing that helps an organisation to attain more sophistication of the market place. The Information and Communication Technologies in the last few years has gone through serious explosion in past few years which has resulted the organisations enabling in adapting significant technical services. This seems to be also helpful for the economic and financial development of the organisation as well. Once the marketing ethics is stabled, it effects significantly on the economic growth of the country. Bates (2009) observes in the developing countries man power appears to be the most sophisticated aspect which helps the organisations to spend a little for the employees and attain more benefits from the market place. At the same time, in the developing countries the market of ICT is gradually increasing which also attracts the international marketing sectors. It further helps in development of the society as well. For the developing countries, such as India, Brazil and other expansion of ICT policies in the past 10 years appear to be one of the most significant. More to be added, communication technology attains to be one of the critical aspect which helps in managing the organizational approaches at the same time. A report of Gruca and Rego (2011) critically ascertains from 2010 India seemed to have received the technical boost up in the market which resulted the countrys economic growth. At the same time, its contribution to the market place is literally essential in this approach. More to be added, it seems to be essentially critical in this approach which helps in determining the economic approach of the market place. Conclusion: Throughout this research approach, the researcher has analyzed different approaches of business which results in ascertaining a significant process of ethicality for an organisation in the market place. The researcher has also compared with different current level companies who seem to have faced such typical situations. Reference List: Ballantyne, D. Aitken, R. (2007) "Branding in B2B markets: insights from the service-dominant logic of marketing", Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 22(6), pp.363 - 371 Bates, T. (2009) Analysis of Survival Rates among Franchise and Independent Small Business Startups, Journal of Small Business Management 33(2): 2636. Bolton, R. N. and Lemon, K. N. (2009) A dynamic model of customers usage of services: Usage as an antecedent and consequence of satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research, 36, 171186. Coviello, N. E. Winklhofer, H. (2008) Contemporary Marketing Practices Research Program: A Review of the First Decade, Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 23 (2), 84-94 Dant, S. P. (2009) Ownership Structure in Franchising: The Effect of Transaction Cost, Production Costs and Strategic Considerations, The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research 6(1): 5375. Eggert, A. Ulaga, W. (2006) Customer-perceived value: a substitute for satisfaction in business markets?, Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 17(2/3), pp. 107-125. Gruca, T. S. and Rego, L. L. (2011) Customer Satisfaction, Cash Flow and Shareholder Value, Journal of Marketing, 69 (July), 11530 Kunnanatt, J. (2011). Global business chain and twin advantage. Competitiveness Review, 21(4), 352-368. doi:10.1108/10595421111152156